Custom build engine

Describe your build — any GPUs, CPU, RAM, OS, runtime, use case. We'll compute effective VRAM honestly, recommend a runtime, and tell you which models fit comfortably, which are borderline, and which aren't practical.

Total VRAM ≠ pooled VRAM. We never sum VRAM unless the silicon truly pools (Apple unified memory). We always explain why effective is lower than total.

Calculations follow the RunLocalAI Will-It-Run Framework: effective VRAM, model working set, runtime constraints, fit tiers, and measured-vs-estimated evidence labels.

Describe your build

Add GPUs, set CPU/RAM/OS, optionally pick a runtime + use case. URL updates as you change fields — share a build by copying the URL.

GPUs in your build

CPU class

System RAM (GB)

Use case

Your skill level

Runtime preference

Build summary

Total VRAM

24 GB

Effective VRAM

~22 GB

range 20-22 GB

Topology

single gpu

none

Setup difficulty

beginner

speed penalty ~0%

Why effective VRAM is lower than total

Single NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 Ti — 24 GB VRAM minus ~1.8 GB runtime/driver overhead = ~22 GB usable for weights + KV cache + activations. The remaining uncertainty band covers OS display use and background CUDA allocations.

Measured evidence on this hardware

Publicly inspectable measured rows for the selected hardware slug(s). Exact measured rows calibrate the fit table instead of leaving it as pure VRAM estimation.

No publicly inspectable benchmark rows are attached to this exact hardware yet. The engine will still calculate fit and runtime, but speed rows will remain estimated.

Coding agents — agentic tool-call burst

Workload-specific bottleneck. Where this kind of work actually breaks first, and what to budget for.

Bottleneck: kv cache

Coding agents emit 5-15 tool calls per task. Each call carries the full agent system prompt + context. KV-cache budget for that prompt × concurrent requests is the limit. The decode side is well-served by any modern card; the prefill side bottlenecks first.

Budget for

•32K context with KV-cache room to spare (~3-4 GB on 4090 AWQ-INT4)
•Prefix cache: prefer SGLang for >5 tool calls / task
•Decode latency: aim for >40 tok/s sustained

Recommended runtime

Best engine for this topology + skill level + use case.

vLLM

primary

involved

AWQ-INT4 path fits 32B-class models on a 24 GB card with concurrent users. The production-default for self-hosted coding agents and multi-user serving.

ExLlamaV2

alternative

involved

Single-stream throughput king on consumer NVIDIA. EXL2 4.65bpw on a 4090 hits the highest tok/s in this class.

WORKLOAD PROFILE

FITS

DeepSeek V3 Lite (16B MoE) @ Q4_K_M, 8K context on NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 Ti

0 GB24 GBVRAM ceiling

Weights9.5 GB

KV cache8.0 GB

Activations0.5 GB

Runtime1.8 GB

Headroom4.2 GB

ESTIMATED DECODE RATE

74 tok/s

Bandwidth-derived estimate · efficiency 0.70. Real-world rates land within ±20% on well-tuned runtimes.

Models that fit your build

59 models considered (filtered by coding). Categorized by headroom at the recommended quant + a sensible context for your use case.

Comfortable

24 models · ≥15% headroom

Model	Params	Quant	VRAM est.	Context	Evidence	Note
DeepSeek V3 Lite (16B MoE)	16B	Q4_K_M	18 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 18% headroom.
DeepSeek Coder V2 Lite (16B)	16B	Q4_K_M	18 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 18% headroom.
StarCoder 2 15B	15B	Q4_K_M	17 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 23% headroom.
Qwen 2.5 14B Instruct	14B	Q5_K_M	18 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q5_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 18% headroom.
Qwen 2.5 Coder 14B Instruct	14B	Q4_K_M	15.8 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 28% headroom.
Qwen 3 14B	14B	Q4_K_M	15.8 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx with 28% headroom.
Yi Coder 9B	9B	Q4_K_M	10.2 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 54% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
OpenCoder 8B	8B	Q4_K_M	13 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 41% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Qwen 3 8B	8B	Q8_0	16.6 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q8_0 + 16,384 ctx with 24% headroom.
DeepSeek R1 Distill Llama 8B	8B	Q4_K_M	13 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 41% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Gervásio 8B PTPT	8B	Q4_K_M	6.6 GB	4,096	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 70% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
EXAONE Deep 7.8B	8B	Q4_K_M	12.3 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 44% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Qwen 2.5 7B Instruct	7B	Q8_0	9.5 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 57% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
CodeGemma 7B	7B	Q4_K_M	7.9 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 64% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Qwen 2.5 Coder 7B Instruct	7B	Q6_K	13.6 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Fits cleanly at Q6_K + 16,384 ctx with 38% headroom.
Codestral Mamba 7B	7B	Q4_K_M	11.4 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 48% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
CodeQwen 1.5 7B	7B	Q4_K_M	11.6 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 47% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
StarCoder 2 7B	7B	Q4_K_M	11.6 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 47% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Salamandra 7B	7B	Q4_K_M	7.6 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 65% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Qwen 2.5 Coder 3B	3B	Q4_K_M	8 GB	32,768	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 64% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
StarCoder 2 3B	3B	Q4_K_M	5.1 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 77% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
ColPali v1.3	3B	Q4_K_M	1.8 GB	0	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 92% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
Salamandra 2B	2B	Q4_K_M	2.4 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 89% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.
mxbai-rerank-large-v2	2B	Q4_K_M	4 GB	32,768	No measured row yet	Comfortable fit with 82% headroom — room to extend context or run alongside other workloads.

Borderline

1 models · tight, may need quant downgrade

Model	Params	Quant	VRAM est.	Context	Evidence	Note
Llama 3.1 8B Instruct	8B	FP16	19.1 GB	16,384	No measured row yet	Tight fit at FP16 — only 13% headroom. KV cache for longer context will OOM. Cap context tighter or drop one quant level.

Not practical

16 models · oversize for this build

Model	Params	Quant	VRAM est.	Context	Evidence	Note
Codestral 22B	22B	Q4_K_M	24.7 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~24.7 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 12%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Mistral Small 3 24B	24B	Q4_K_M	26.7 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~26.7 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 21%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Devstral Small 2 24B	24B	Q4_K_M	26.7 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~26.7 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 21%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 3.6 27B (MTP)	27B	Q3_K_M	27.3 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~27.3 GB needed at Q3_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 24%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 3 30B-A3B	30B	Q4_K_M	33.9 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~33.9 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 54%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Sarvam 30B	30B	Q4_K_M	24.8 GB	4,096	No measured row yet	~24.8 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 4,096 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 13%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Gemma 4 31B Dense	31B	Q4_K_M	34.4 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~34.4 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 56%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 2.5 32B Instruct	32B	Q4_K_M	36 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~36.0 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 63%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
DeepSeek R1 Distill Qwen 3 32B	32B	AWQ-INT4	36 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~36.0 GB needed at AWQ-INT4 + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 63%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 3 Coder 32B	32B	AWQ-INT4	36 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~36.0 GB needed at AWQ-INT4 + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 63%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 2.5 Coder 32B Instruct	32B	Q4_K_M	22.1 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~22.1 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 0%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen3 Swallow 32B RL v0.2	32B	Q4_K_M	34.5 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~34.5 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 57%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 3 32B	32B	Q4_K_M	36 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~36.0 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 63%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
DeepSeek Coder V3	33B	AWQ-INT4	36.5 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~36.5 GB needed at AWQ-INT4 + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 66%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Phind CodeLlama 34B v2	34B	Q4_K_M	38 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~38.0 GB needed at Q4_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 73%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.
Qwen 3.6 35B-A3B (MTP)	35B	Q3_K_M	35.4 GB	8,192	No measured row yet	~35.4 GB needed at Q3_K_M + 8,192 ctx — overshoots effective VRAM by 61%. Drop quant or move to a larger build.

Multi-GPU buying guide →

NVLink vs PCIe, tensor- vs pipeline-parallel, mixed-card honesty.

Hardware combinations →

Curated multi-GPU / cluster setups with effective-VRAM math.

Setup path-finder →

OS + runtime install commands for your stack.

Compatibility matrix →

Runtime × OS × hardware support truth table.

Shopping a full build instead of a single card?

If you're sizing a fresh AI build (not just a card to drop into an existing system), the build-budget walkthroughs cover the whole BOM honestly: AI PC build under $1,000 or AI PC build under $2,000 cover the realistic 2026 budget tiers.

Vertical-fit shopping? AI PC for students covers the budget + portability tradeoffs; AI PC for developers covers the coding workflow specifics; AI PC for small business covers the document-RAG / always-on machine.

Form-factor first? See best laptop for local AI, best Mac for local AI, best mini PC for local AI, or best used GPU for local AI.